长寿和有弹性的生活:应对策略的作用及其在妇女寿命中使用的可变性。

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长寿和有弹性的生活:应对策略的作用及其在妇女寿命中使用的可变性。

Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Lewina O Lee, Anne-Josée Guimond, Ruijia Chen, Peter James, Hayami K Koga, Harold H Lee, Sakurako S Okuzono, Francine Grodstein, Janet Rich-Edwards, Laura D Kubzansky

摘要

目的:对普通人群中与压力相关的应对策略与寿命的关系进行了充分的研究。应对策略的特点是适应或不适应，但尚不清楚根据不同情况调整其实施的可变性在多大程度上可能影响寿命。方法:女性(N = 54,353;Mage = 47)在2001年完成了一份有效的应对量表，并报告了协变量信息。分别考虑了八种个人应对策略(例如，接受，拒绝)。使用基于标准差的算法，参与者在使用这些策略时也被分类为具有较低、中等或较大的可变性。直到2019年才确定死亡人数。加速失效时间模型估计了与应对预测因子相关的预测寿命的百分比变化和95%置信区间(CI)。结果:在多变量模型中，大多数适应和不适应策略分别与寿命延长和缩短相关(例如，每增加1-SD:积极应对= 4.09%，95%CI = 1.83%， 6.41%;行为脱离= -6.56%,95% ci = -8.37%, -4.72%)。中等和较大(相对较低)的变异性水平与寿命延长8-10%相似且显著相关。不同年龄、种族/民族、居住收入和婚姻状况亚组的关联相似。结论:研究结果证实了特定应对策略的适应性和非适应性，并进一步表明，在女性的生命周期中，适度和更大的使用变化都有好处。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

A long and resilient life: the role of coping strategies and variability in their use in lifespan among women.

Objectives: Associations of stress-related coping strategies with lifespan among the general population are understudied. Coping strategies are characterized as being either adaptive or maladaptive, but it is unknown the degree to which variability in tailoring their implementation to different contexts may influence lifespan.

Method: Women (N = 54,353; Mage = 47) completed a validated coping inventory and reported covariate information in 2001. Eight individual coping strategies (e.g., Acceptance, Denial) were considered separately. Using a standard deviation-based algorithm, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Deaths were ascertained until 2019. Accelerated failure time models estimated percent changes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in predicted lifespan associated with coping predictors.

Results: In multivariable models, most adaptive and maladaptive strategies were associated with longer and shorter lifespans, respectively (e.g., per 1-SD increase: Active Coping = 4.09%, 95%CI = 1.83%, 6.41%; Behavioral Disengagement = -6.56%, 95%CI = -8.37%, -4.72%). Moderate and greater (versus lower) variability levels were similarly and significantly related to 8-10% longer lifespans. Associations were similar across age, racial/ethnic, residential income, and marital status subgroups.

Conclusions: Findings confirm the adaptive and maladaptive nature of specific coping strategies, and further suggest benefits from both moderate and greater variability in their use for lifespan among women.

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