鼓励合乘的可交易电子路票策略管理混合时代出行需求

发布时间：2024-11-26 07:49

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通过制定有效的交通管理措施合理引导通勤者的出行需求对于缓解城市交通拥堵和降低个体出行成本具有重要的现实意义.本文针对普通汽车和共享无人驾驶汽车共存的混合交通系统，以瓶颈模型为基础，研究实施可交易电子路票与鼓励合乘组合管理策略对通勤者出行行为的影响，并对交通管理策略参数（如鼓励合乘系数，电子路票收取数额）进行分析优化.研究表明，实施单一策略时，虽然部分通勤者转向共享合乘出行，但增大鼓励合乘力度反而使得共享合乘人数减少，系统最优解在交通管理策略参数满足某一特定关系时可以取得；实施时变策略则会产生较高的电子路票均衡价格，但系统总成本与实施单一策略相比较而言均降低更多.无论是实施单一策略还是时变策略，均能唯一确定电子路票均衡价格.本研究可为交通管理部门在混合出行时代下的出行需求引导策略制定提供理论参考.

Abstract

It is of great practical significance by adopting effective traffic management measures to guide the travel needs of commuters reasonably to alleviate the urban traffic congestion and reduce the individual travel cost. Based on the classical bottleneck model in a mixed transportation system with regular vehicles and autonomous vehicles, this paper studies the impact on commuters' travel behaviors after implementing the tradable credit scheme that encourages carpooling, and analyzes the traffic management strategy parameters (such as encouraging carpooling coefficients, the number of credits charged on road). The results show that, with the uniform strategy implemented, although some commuters turn to the ridesharing mode, increasing the encouragement of carpooling will reduce the number of ridesharing commuters. Meanwhile, the system optimal solutions can be obtained when the traffic management strategy parameters meet a specific relationship. Implementing a time-varying strategy will yield a higher equilibrium price for tradable credits, but the total system cost is reduced more than that under a uniform strategy. The equilibrium price of tradable credits can be uniquely determined whatever implementing a uniform or a time-varying strategy. This research can provide a theoretical reference for the traffic management department to formulate the travel demand guidance strategies in the era of mixed traffic.

关键词

城市交通 /瓶颈模型 /可交易电子路票 /鼓励合乘 /共享无人驾驶汽车{{custom_keyword}} /

Key words

urban traffic /bottleneck model /tradable credit scheme /encouraging carpooling /shared autonomous vehicle{{custom_keyword}} /

朱鸿伟, 田丽君, 许岩.

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鼓励合乘的可交易电子路票策略管理混合时代出行需求. 系统工程理论与实践, 2022, 42(5): 1314-1326 https://doi.org/10.12011/SETP2021-1305

ZHU Hongwei, TIAN Lijun, XU Yan.

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The tradable credit scheme that encourages carpooling manage the travel demand in the era of mixed traffic. Systems Engineering - Theory & Practice, 2022, 42(5): 1314-1326 https://doi.org/10.12011/SETP2021-1305

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