心脏移植受者自我管理行为现状及影响因素分析

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Self-management behavior and its influencing factors among heart transplant recipients

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摘要:

目的 调查心脏移植受者术后自我管理行为水平，并分析影响因素，为采取针对性干预提供参考。方法 采取便利抽样法，选取心脏移植门诊随访的161例心脏移植受者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、慢性病自我管理行为量表、慢性病自我效能量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表、12条目简明健康测量量表进行调查。结果 心脏移植受者自我管理行为得分(18.45±4.63)分；多元线性逐步回归分析显示，自我效能、术后时间、社会支持、抑郁、生活质量、文化程度是心脏移植受者自我管理行为的影响因素(均P＜0.05)，共解释总变异的82.8%。结论 心脏移植受者自我管理行为处于低水平，受较多因素的影响。医护人员需注重提高受者的自我效能和社会支持水平，及时关注受者的生活质量和心理状况，并结合受者的术后时间和文化程度予以针对性指导，提高受者自我管理行为水平。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the level of self-management behavior in heart transplant recipients post-surgery and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for developing targeted interventions. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to select 161 heart transplant recipients who were undergoing outpatient follow-up as research subjects. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Chronic Disease Self-Management Behavior Scale, the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results The average score for self-management behavior among heart transplant recipients was (18.45±4.63). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis indicated that, self-efficacy, time since surgery, social support, depression levels, quality of life, and educational background significantly influenced self-management behaviors (all P<0.05), explaining a total variance of 82.8%. Conclusion Heart transplant recipients exhibit low levels of self-management behavior, which is influenced by multiple factors. Health care professionals should focus on enhancing recipients′ self-efficacy and social support levels while paying timely attention to their quality of life and psychological status,additionally, tailored guidance should be provided based on the recipient's time since surgery and educational background to improve their self-management behavior level.

引用本文

翟忠昌,耿力,王慧华,杨林杰,杨赛,曾珠.心脏移植受者自我管理行为现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2025,(2):32-36

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分享 历史 收稿日期:2024-08-18 最后修改日期:2024-10-12 在线发布日期: 2025-03-03

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